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The eNotes Blog Happy Birthday, Beckett! Celebrate the (Absurd) Waiting for GodotAuthor

Cheerful Birthday, Beckett! Commend the (Absurd) Waiting for GodotAuthor Samuel Beckett was a most intriguing man-a reality that can be immediatelyâ confirmed by the creators compelling commitments to the Absurdist Movement (yet well get to what that is in a second). In spite of the fact that brought up in Ireland, Beckett began to look all starry eyed at Parisâ in his 20s in the wake of moving on from Trinity College with a B.A. in present day dialects and setting out on a cycling visit of France. Thereâ the youthful creator befriendedâ and made a pseudo-father-figure of individual creator and Irishman James Joyce, who gave a lot of support and assistanceâ to Beckett and his work. For an amazing duration, Beckett experienced episodes of serious sorrow and related liquor addiction, the two of which negatively affected his composition until the midpoint of his vocation. Beckett started to utilize his torment and his involvement with considering philosophyâ to start working in the style ofâ theâ absurd. The Absurdist development was fixated on the idea that humanitys effortsâ to discover or characterize the characteristic importance of anything (state, human experience) are foolish on the grounds that the characteristics of transferable data corresponding to reality make any such conviction incomprehensible. Was that confounding? Indeed, yes it was. All the more basically expressed, Absurdism was established on the conviction that nothing can be genuinely affirmed, be it experience or connections, and accordingly who is to state what is genuine when what has happened can't be demonstrated? OK, that was a touch of befuddling, too,â but when we state that Samu el Beckett was a savvy man, trust us-this fella got Absurdism, however assisted with building up it as aâ literary and philosophical development. Discussing the Absurdist development, we might want to (essentially) center this Beckett b-day post on one of his most celebrated works, Waiting for Godot. Now and then alluded to as one of the most critical English plays of the twentieth century, this dramatization was and stays an exceptionally compelling piece. Apparently one of the most intriguing components of Waiting for Godot is, for absence of progressively smooth expression, how veryâ weirdâ it is. Perusers/watchers of this play are regularly struck by how unreasonable yet important the play is, notwithstanding the idea that the play itself has no significance And yet it must. The portrayal of this play is turning out to be as confounding as the above endeavor at characterizing theâ absurd. Hence, we will currently dive into enumerating parts of the show/parody itself, with the expectation that piece by piece this moving work will turn into an increasingly firm entirety. What is Waiting for Godot REALLY about? Seemingly, the premise of the play isâ desire for a reason. This point of having a reason could be additionally extrapolated to the human condition and the longing to comprehend the importance of life. Absurdism legitimately manages the incomprehensible end to thisâ existential question, and it bodes well that Beckett would take this difficult development to bat in his works. How might you classify this play? There are two essential kind categoriesâ into we can put a given play: satire and catastrophe. Aâ tragedy can be portrayed as a work with the philosophical view that life is disastrous in light of the fact that it is loaded up with agony and enduring, and at last finishes in death. Then again, aâ comedy takes the view that life is silly since individuals are stupid and harbor unreasonable desires. It bodes well that an absurdist work such as Waiting for Godot takes odds and ends from both of these sorts. Asâ an exploratory play having a place with the Absurdistâ movement, itâ works to reluctantly separate and challenge the customary nonexclusive shows. What Are the Plays Themes? Any work of writing is going to include in any event one topic (and usuallyâ more). A topic is essentially a progressing subject/point. You can see topics inâ thoughts,â literary works, craftsmanship displays, and so on. Hanging tight for Godot is a somewhat intricate play, andâ since the work is itself very repetitive it tends to be contended that anything repeating is here and there a subject. Despite this faultless position, we are going to plot two significant subjects in the play: memory and time. Connected to the topics of memory and time is the subject of vulnerability. Everything is unsure in the play, and this is the thing that causes it to seem ridiculous. In watching/perusing the play, the watchers as well as perusers are regularly left as confounded as the characters with respect to what's going on, when it occurred, or in the event that it occurred at all. Literary investigation is sufficient to make your head turn here and there, yet that is the reason were here! What Methods Did Beckett Use to Create The Play? At the point when we state techniques, we mean what a creator did to pass on an ideal message. By and large, this technique incorporates word decision, language structure, utilization of talk, and that's only the tip of the iceberg. By concentrating on specific strategies/approach, a creator can positively slant a story toward some path, exacting a specific understanding or state of mind onto their crowd. In Waiting for Godot, Becketts contribution in the performance center turns out to be progressively increasingly evident. In contrast to his books and short stories, Becketts plays are more unquestionably centered around dramatic result than abstract destinations; rather than concentrating on components like syntactic structure to keep the story streaming, Beckett places more accentuation into the activity of what is happening in front of an audience instead of the off camera drivers of the story (i.e.â action overâ narration,) however he doesâ stake a ton onâ the exchange between characters. So, What Was the Meaning of the Play? Weve discussed what occurs in the play, weve discussed its potential motivations, and weve talked about how Beckett may have approached the composition of the work, however what is Waiting for Godot attempting to let us know? To put it to be honest, the play is really distressing. The entire piece subtleties the tale of two men hanging tight for a person or thing that will possibly never show up. This hanging tight for an eventâ that may never happen might be extrapolated to an editorial on the human condition-normal in both existentialism and absurdism (however adherents of either could never consent to any similitudes between these developments). Absurdism addresses the inspirations driving the human experience: in the event that nothing can be clarified or demonstrated, at that point all that we do is apparently crazy. It tends to be contended, accordingly, that the apparently unending and tedious holding up of the two primary characters can be an allegory forâ humanity overall and how we are consistently, maybe foolishly, awaitingâ something. More on the plays meaning. Everybodys a Critic On the off chance that youve ever perused or composed anything (and since youre on theâ blog we can expect you have at any rate someâ interest in the composed word), you will thoroughly understand scholarly analysis its pretty much all over. Some time ago, the main respectable wellspring of artistic analysis could be found in crafted by researchers who had done focused on investigation on a specific piece. These days, be that as it may, you can type for the sake of anyâ workâ and be taken to innumerable connects to sentiments (or tweets). A piece like Waiting for Godot has been assessed and censured (and commended) various occasions from fluctuating perspectives with premise in all assortments of philosophical idea. One could ponder however what are theâ critics themselves hanging tight for?

A Poem About Quitting Smoking (Quitter Musings)

A Poem About Quitting Smoking (Quitter Musings) February 08, 2018 More in Addiction Coping and Recovery Personal Stories Methods and Support Overcoming Addiction Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use For most ex-smokers, smoking cessation brings about a change in our perspective and the relationship we had with smoking. For  Smoking Cessation forum member Angela,  this change of heart is poignantly described in the poem she wrote when she celebrated 6 months smoke-free. The blinders are off and the smokescreen has lifted. Congratulations Angela, and thanks for sharing. When I Think of a Cigarette © Angela Moten When I think of a cigarette, I think of the seven thousand chemicalsthat would rush into my mouth andburn their way into my once healthy lungs.I think about that nasty taste, that nastyring of polluted air I would create in thespace around my body. I think of thelooks of disgust given by those close by.I think of those who politely steppedaway from me, and those who not sopolitely stepped away. When I think of a cigarette, I think of the forty seven yearsI spent enslaved to its beck and call.I think of the lies I told myself to ensureits hold on me. How I convinced myselfthat its treacherous act was fulfilling someneed, some longing that mysteriouslynever went away. I think of the twentytimes each day I held the delusionthat it was making me feel better,and thought I was sane in the process. When I think of a cigarette, I think of the lengths I would go toto get one - Late night solitary walksto liquor stores in dangerous neighborhoods,taking money from the children’s piggy banks,writing checks on an account with no funds.I think of how I convinced myself I was normaland not a “real” junkie. How I lied to myselfconstantly. I shudder at the thought. But thingsare better now. I am free. I looked the demonin his face, and saw him for the liar that he is. When I think of a cigarette, I no longer lust its poisonous pinion,my senses have returned (and improved).I smile at the recognition that I am a winner.My sanity has returned. I am strong. Ihave garnered the lessons this addiction offered.I have unveiled the truth â€" I am neithervictim nor fool. In the wake of a oncedestructive force, I stand victorious -captain at the helm â€" punch my fists up in the air.Rejoice in my new found freedom. As active smokers, most of us didnt realize (or tried to avoid seeing) just how destructive tobacco is on all aspects of our lives.  Once we quit however, there is nothing more satisfying that the empowerment that comes with long-term smoking cessation. Harmful Chemicals Abound in Cigarettes and Cigarette Smoke The ex-smoker stories below offer additional perspective on how it feels to be 6 months smoke-free. Six Months Smoke-Free - Simons Story If youre still smoking, use the resources below as a jumping off point.   Your Quit Smoking Toolbox Learn what you need to know to quit smoking for good.  Its well worth the work it takes to achieve.

Essay on Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment - 1120 Words

Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment Thelma Cain PSY/250 June 16, 2011 Mary Mihelich Sigmund Freud, is said to be one of the greatest Psychologist of all times. Although he has a different outlook on understanding how people act is quite intriguing. In comparison and contrast the psychoanalytic theories of Freud, Jung, and Adler are very different and unique. However, Freud, Jung, and Adler are not at all alike. Freud based most psychological things on sexuality. Jung, promoted the concept of archetypes, and Adler believed in the â€Å"will power† theory Adler also believed that fundamentally, human beings are self-determined. Freud is big on self-consciousness; Jung said â€Å"the aim of life is to know oneself, and to know one is to plumb†¦show more content†¦The three Freudian defense mechanisms that I am going to use real life examples for are denial, rationalization, and rejection. A few years ago I lost my little brother due to a hit and run, he died instantly due to a broken neck and his leg being ripped from his body. My big sister and I got a phone call saying that we needed to leave and come to the hospital immediately, so she and I left instantly, but we did not realize that we were in for a rude awak ening. When we got to the hospital I want to say after 30 minutes or so we were told that our little brother was dead. It was at that moment that I was in complete denial, it made no sense to me at all that my little brother could be taken away from me when just that afternoon he, my big brother, my little cousin, some neighborhood kids, and myself had been playing football. It’s going on four of five years now and I must say that I am still in denial about my little brother being gone. I still cannot force myself to deal with the fact that he is not coming back, I was in denial when he was pronounced dead, at his funeral, and even more now that time has gone by and so many things are happening that I wish he was here to see as well as being here so that our family and myself can share this excitement with him. Back when I was in I want to say 9th or 10th grade I did not like P.E toShow MoreRelatedPsychoanalytic Personality Assessment1107 Words   |  4 PagesPsychoanalytic personality assessment Introduction The psychoanalytic view states that there exist inner forces outside a persons awareness, which direct the persons behavior. Modern psychology has been impacted greatly by the psychoanalytic theories of Freud, Jung, and Adler. These three psychoanalysts proposed many concepts and their theories are still been attempted. Their human mind theories changed the world. The three believed that in personality shaping childhood development and parentingRead MorePsychoanalytic Psychology : Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment1427 Words   |  6 Pages Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment Julious Campbell PSY/250 June 8, 2015 MR. MICHAEL PHILLIPS Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment Many people consider Psychology a science, which is true, applied science. Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior which has different levels with many dimensions. Psychology is compounded with many theories and studies that by trial, and error, have made psychology into the discipline that it has become today. Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and AlfredRead MorePsychoanalytic Personality Assessment1833 Words   |  8 PagesPSYCHOANALYTIC PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT Fetina Pennington PSY/250 December 19, 2012 Dr. Kathlyn J. Kirkwood PSYCHOANALYTIC PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT The Psychoanalytic Theories of Freud, Jung, and Adler contributed so much to psychology as we know it today. As developers of the theory of personality involving the id, ego, and superego, which led to the therapy method known as psychoanalysis, Freud, Jung and Adler shared many ideas and fought over many concepts in developing each of their versions ofRead MorePsychoanalytic Personality Assessment Essay1865 Words   |  8 PagesPsychoanalytic Personality Assessment Lainie Goodell PSY/250 March 6, 2011 Dr. Deborah Watson Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment Personalities are often very hard to figure out. Each person has a unique and sometimes complex personality and sometimes they do not mix with others. Different psychologists have different theories as to why people are the way they are. One theory is the psychoanalytic theory. Psychoanalytic theory digs into a person’s mind to find out where their problemsRead MorePsychoanalytic and Trait Approaches Personality Assessment Essay996 Words   |  4 PagesPsychoanalytic and Trait Approaches Personality Assessment PSY/250 Psychoanalytic and Trait Approaches Personality Assessment I have always attributed personality as being a culmination of environment first, biology second, and traits, or what my understanding of them was. I was not aware of Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic approach, or the correct definition of the trait theory prior to beginning this class. The psychoanalytic approach to personality defines the origins of personality as beingRead MorePsy410 Worksheet693 Words   |  3 Pagesexperiences, with the goal of self-actualizing. 6. _C____ This is the part of the personality that mediates desires and the reality of the operational world. 7. ___N__ People are unique, values are important, and overall the goal is to find fulfillment. Individual experiences assist with confronting and understanding the negative world. 8. _D____ This develops in time and becomes the moral compass of the personality. 9. __M___ When learning is completed through observation alone; reinforcement orRead MoreUnit 3 Project Essay826 Words   |  4 Pageslength) What were the results of your MBTI assessment? The outcome of my MBTI assessment test resulted in the qualitative analysis of my personality type to be ENFJ (extraverted, intuitive, feeling, and judging). The strength of preferences in percentage form is as follows: †¢ 89%- Very extraverted personality, †¢ 25%- Moderately expressed intuitive personality, †¢ 75%- Distinctively expressed feeling personality, †¢ 44%- Moderately expressed judging personality. Do you agree with these results? WhyRead MoreThe Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality903 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Personality Theories Introduction In psychology, personality can be described as the the patterns of behavior, thought, and emotion unique to an individual, and the ways they interact to help or hinder the adjustment of a person to other people and situations (personality, 2012). Psychologists may make use of idiographic or nomothetic techniques in order to study personality of an individual. Many characteristics of human behavior can be examined while studying ones personality. To putRead MorePsychoanalytic Theory : Theory Of Psychology858 Words   |  4 PagesPsychoanalytic Theory: Psychoanalytic theory originated from Freud and the purpose of the psychoanalytic theory is to make the unconscious conscious. In order to do that we have to look at the terms of human nature. The first term is libido means sexual energy, the second term is life instincts means the purpose of the survival, and the third term is death instincts means the aggressive drive. Freud also talks about the structure of personality and three systems is id the original system, ego secondaryRead MoreThe Psychoanalytic Approach . And Some Of The Influential987 Words   |  4 PagesThe Psychoanalytic Approach And Some of the Influential People Behind It Diane L. Williams Clatsop Community College The Psychoanalytic Approach And Some of the Influential People Behind It There are different theoretical approaches to psychology; behaviorist, humanistic, psychoanalytic, and biological. I will be discussing the psychoanalytic approach to psychology and some of the pioneers of this theory. What is the psychoanalytic approach? Psychoanalysis is a form of psychotherapy that

Letter From Birmingham Jail Essay - 1133 Words

Zuri Wells Magan Davis PHIL 103 5/2/2015 Letter from Birmingham Jail: That Is UNJUST INTRODUCTION In 1963, Martin Luther King was confined in Birmingham because of his protesting contributes. During this time, there was segregation going on which enjoined African Americans from utilizing particular areas or any type of accommodations in all. King had indited a letter in replication to the eight white clergymen who reprehended King s actions. In the Letter from Birmingham jail King bulwarks the lawfulness of protesting, transgressing the law in nonviolent demonstrations against segregation and racism. The major premise here is that all laws that devalue the human disposition are inequitable. The white clergymen who conveyed objection to King s actions felt that his actions were transgressing the law and causing chaos. King argues that the laws of the segregated south are inequitable and should not be accepted or followed. King breaks the distinguishment between God s laws and discriminatory, man-made laws that are made to oppress the Black race, and how he is obligated to fight ag ainst those types of laws. The more diminutive premises here is that laws of segregation devalue the ebony man/woman character. Analysis of the Argument King includes deductive reasoning inside of his letterShow MoreRelatedLetter From Birmingham Jail Essay Essay1451 Words   |  6 PagesZhuo Liu Lauren Sassenoff English 1P-5 25 September 2016 Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay In 1963 Martin Luther King Jr. wrote a letter while incarcerated in Birmingham jail to eight clergymen in response to their letter known as â€Å"A Call for Unity.†Ã‚  The letter asked for the stop of direct action type protest in Birmingham, Alabama that Martin Luther King was leading.   The letter has become known as one of the greatest works of argument in American history. Part of the reason for the letter’sRead MoreEssay on A Letter From a Birmingham Jail717 Words   |  3 PagesA Letter From a Birmingham Jail In Martin Luther King, Jr.s Letter from a Birmingham Jail, his thoughts and ideas are directly stated, well expressed, explained, and illustrated. Kings style of writing gives the reader a clear glimpse into the world with which he struggled and allows his letter to be powerfully effective. In the introductory paragraph, King introduces his reason for writing the letter and details who the audience is to be. He explains that he rarely answers criticismsRead More Letters from a Birmingham Jail Essay1534 Words   |  7 PagesLetters from a Birmingham Jail Aristotle is a very citable man when it comes to the way we think today. His rhetoric techniques are still being used in todays society. The Neo-Aristotelian Criticism is three different appeals of persuasion. This is ethos, pathos and logos, which makes one heck of a convincing argument. Ethos gives credibility, pathos shows emotion and logos uses words. In the text, Letter from Birmingham Jail, we find many examples of the criticism. Martin Luther King Jr.Read More The Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay1029 Words   |  5 PagesOn April 16, 1963, from a jail in Birmingham, Alabama, Martin Luther King Jr. composed an extensive letter to eight clergymen who condemned the timing of the civil rights movement. Although the letter was addressed to these eight clergymen, the Letter from Birmingham Jail speaks to a national audience, especially King’s â€Å"Christian and Jewish brothers†(King, 29). His peaceful but firm letter serves as a remarkably persuasive voice to an immensely chaotic mess, and is seen as a major turning pointRead MoreLetter from Birmingham Jail Analysis Essay942 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail† Martin Luther King Jr. wrote the â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail,† after an unjust proposal made by eight white clergymen. Their claims were to be that no Negro â€Å"outsider† should be allowed to establish or lead any protest and should leave them to their local neighborhoods. King replied directly to the clergymen, but used religious ties to also have his voice heard in the public. In his counter argument, King strategically used logical evidence, emotional aspectsRead MoreAn Analysis of Letter from a Birmingham Jail Essay1090 Words   |  5 Pages Letter from a Birmingham Jail was written by Doctor Martin Luther King Jr. in April of 1963, as he sat, as the title states, in a Birmingham, Alabama jail. King had been jailed for his participation in a peaceful protest of segregation in public places such as lunch counters and public restrooms (Berkley, 2003). While jailed, King read a criticism of the protest by a group of white ministers, who felt such demonstrations â€Å"directed and in part led by outsiders† were â€Å"unwise and untimely†Read MoreSummary of Letters from Birmingham Jail Essay777 Words   |  4 PagesHelal Ahmed Professor Smith English 125 October 6, 2010 Summary of M.L.K.’s Letters from Bringham Jail   Ã‚              Ã‚         Martin Luther King Jrs â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† was written during his 8 day sentence in jail in 1963. He chose to travel and protest in Birmingham due to the fact that it was widely known as one of the most  segregated city in the U.S.  The letter not only addresses the issues of unjustly being arrested for being an extremist of his approach to the protest, and of theRead More Martin Luther Kings Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay1241 Words   |  5 PagesRhetorical Analysis of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail In his essay Letter from Birmingham Jail, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. disproves the assumptions of people that believe racism is acceptable when he compares the maltreatment of blacks to the inhumane treatment of the Jews by Hitler. King establishes a relationship with his audience by connecting on a level that is larger than the exploitation of African Americans rights. He forces his readers to think aboutRead MoreLetter from Birmingham Jail by Martin Luther King Essay1116 Words   |  5 Pagescompositions was done in a jail cell in Birmingham, Alabama in 1963. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. who was heading a national political movement for the recognizable equal treatment of colored people wrote a letter to his fellow clergy men while being imprisoned. In one article, he was able to address not only the clergy, but a wide, diverse audience, send his message across thoroughly, and affect millions of lives because of his purpose and the different personas he assumed. Dr. Kings letter w as a success becauseRead MoreEssay about Kings Argument in A Letter from Birmingham Jail951 Words   |  4 PagesKings Argument in A Letter from Birmingham Jail In Dr. Kings essay Letter from Birmingham Jail he addresses the claims made about his arrest by the eight clergymen. His responses are very long and detailed, giving a very compelling and moving point of view. His letter is directed to his audience, which consists of white middle class citizens who Dr. King refers to as the white moderates. Dr. Kings letter is very persuasive because his use of pathos makes the audience think or imagine

Increasing the Age to 25 When Purchasing Alcohol Free Essays

In today’s society, alcohol consumption has been taken on as a norm. It can be seen in every arena of life from been seen through the media or through our own personal eyes. When consumed in moderation, alcohol consumption can have some positive effects on individuals. We will write a custom essay sample on Increasing the Age to 25 When Purchasing Alcohol or any similar topic only for you Order Now One can get livelier, easier and relaxed. One can also talk more easily and feel less tired. According to some researchers, moderate alcohol use protects against cardiovascular diseases (Carlson, 2009). Socially, some people claim that it also has positive effects. It provides a lot of employment in the production, catering and retail of products and services in which alcohol plays a part. Also, people claim that alcoholic beverages help people socialize. However, if consumed when young, alcohol consumption can have a negative effect. Increasing the age limit on alcohol purchasing to 25 can decrease the consumption rate, misuse rate, and addiction rate among individuals. First, increasing the age limit on alcohol purchasing to 25 can decrease the overall consumption rate. By increasing the drinking age to 25, it can reduce consumption amongst young people because it will be harder to buy alcohol. According to U. S. Department of Health and Human Services for the Centers for Disease Control survey, approximately 52% of Americans over the age of 18 are regular drinkers (Sondik, 2010). The percentage of alcohol consumption can decrease with the increase of the age limit. Secondly, increasing the age limit on alcohol purchasing to 25 can decrease the overall misuse rate of alcohol among the younger crowd. By increasing the drinking age to 25, the group of impaired driver accidents and deaths may decrease. According to the U. S. Drunk Driving Car Accident Statistics, approximately 34% of individuals between the age of 21 and 24 did from vehicle accidents each year (NHTSA, 1997). The percentage of death from motor vehicle accidents and alcohol can decrease with the increase of the age limit. Thirdly, increasing the age limit on alcohol purchasing to 25 will decrease the percentage of individuals that become addicted to alcohol at a young age. The younger a person begins using alcohol, the greater the chance of developing alcohol dependence or abuse some time in their life. Of those who begin drinking at age-18, 16. 6% subsequently are classified with alcohol dependence and 7. 8% with alcohol abuse. If a person waits until age-25 before taking his or her first drink, these risks can decrease by over 60% (Grant, 1997). The percentage of individuals that become addicted to alcohol can decrease with the increase of the age limit. In conclusion, by increasing the age limit on alcohol purchasing to 25 can decrease the consumption rate, misuse rate, and addiction rate among individuals. The overall rates decreasing will benefit every individual in every age group. This can also allow individuals to experience the positive effects of alcohol consumption by being livelier, easier and more relaxed. Work Cited Carlson, Neil H. â€Å"Physiology of Behavior†. Allyn Bacon, Incorporated: New York, New York. 1 Jan 2009. Grant, B. F. Dawson, D. A. â€Å"Age of Onset of Alcohol Use and Its Association with DSM-IV Alcohol Abuse and Dependence: Results from the National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Study,† Journal of Substance Abuse, 9:103-110, 1997. National Highway Transportation Safety Administration (NHTSA), â€Å"Traffic Safety Facts 1996: Alcohol,† 1997. http://www.nhtsa.gov/people/injury/alcohol/SocialNorms_Strategy/images/SocialNorms .pdf Sondik, Edward J. â€Å"Summary Health Statistics for U.S. Adults: National Health Interview Survey†. Series 10: Data From the National Health Interview Survey No. 249. August 2010. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr_10/sr10_249.pdf How to cite Increasing the Age to 25 When Purchasing Alcohol, Papers

Texas History Voting Essay Example

Texas History Voting Essay In 2012 President Obama spoke to a group of people at a fund raiser event in Texas and seemed optimistic that Texas would soon be a battleground for the Democratic Party (Parker, 2013). Unless Democrats possess an extraordinary strategic plan this could prove to be a challenging task to accomplish. Recent voting in Texas has faithfully been favorable toward the Republican ticket for over 30 years (Parker, 2013). There has been a widespread margin in the percentage of votes between Republican and Democratic candidates in the last four presidential elections. Currently Republicans occupy all elected statewide offices, both state and federal houses of Legislature, and both U. S. Senate seats (Secretary of State TX, 2013). Republicans U. S. Senator John Cornyn and U. S. House Representative Ralph Hall both have won each of their re-elections. If these two elected officials accurately represent Texas then hard-hitting conservatives seem to be what wins the hearts of Texans. Texas Congressional District 4 (TX-04) has proven their steadfast loyalty to Republican candidates (Texas Political Almanac, 2013) and it does not seem plausible that the Democratic Party will be able to overcome TX-04 or Texas as a state any time soon. Liberal democrats may have to stock up on political artillery if they intend to be a recognizable force on the political battleground of Texas. Texas Voting History The Lone Star State: Reliably Republican â€Å"You’re not one of the battleground states, although that’s going to be changing soon†. We will write a custom essay sample on Texas History Voting specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Texas History Voting specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Texas History Voting specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer These words were spoken by President Obama, a Democrat, while addressing Texans at a fund-raising event in July 2012 (Parker, 2013). It has been over 30 years since the Democrats conquered Texas in a presidential election (Parker, 2013). If past poll results in Texas are an indication of future election results, President Obama’s prediction may prove inaccurate. In the last four presidential elections, Texas has not wavered in its support of Republican candidates with one to zero margins between Republican wins and Democrat losses. In recent years the Lone Star State has proven itself to be reliably republican. Texas History: Political Parties Democrats were the leading party up until the 1960’s (Political Parties, 2013). Texas began to take a turn toward the Republican Party when John G Tower, former Democrat (D) turned Republican (R), took the senate seat in 1961. He was the first Republican senator for Texas since Reconstruction in 1870. Another significant change took place 17 years later when Williams P. Clements became the first Republican Governor of Texas also since 1870. Clements lost his seat four years later in 1982 to a Democrat but ran and won again in 1986 (Texas Politics, 2013). Prior to 1980 there were a limited number of Republican wins. The few wins were mostly in presidential elections. Texans supported Republican candidates in 1952, 1956, and 1972; however after 1980 Republicans successfully won every presidential election in Texas (Texas Politics, 2013). The Republican Party steadily grew stronger throughout the 1980’s and 1990’s. In 1994 both senator seats were held by republicans (Political Parties, 2013). The Republican Party continually kept rising and presently could claim Texas as its own. Republicans currently occupy all elected statewide offices, both state and federal houses of Legislature, and both U. S. Senate seats (Secretary of State TX, 2013). Politico’s presidential election data for Texas shows a narrow margin in 1996 with 49% of the votes for Dole (R) and 44 % for Clinton (D) (Election Central, 2012). The margin widened when Republican candidate George W. Bush, a native Texan, was on the ticket. In 2000 Bush received 59. 3% of the votes while the Democrat candidate Gore received 38%. In 2004 Bush’s victory in Texas was won with 61. % of the votes cast in Texas, compared to that of Kerry (D) with 38. 3 %. In 2008 the Republican victory in Texas narrowed slightly with the McCain (R) Obama (D) ticket when 55. 5 % of the ballots were cast for McCain in contrast to 43. 8% for Obama. In the most recent 2012 presidential election; Romney (R) received 57. 2 % while Obama (D) received 41. 4% (Texas Political Almanac, 2013). It is important to note that â€Å"Although the two major national parties have dominated electoral politics in the state; Texas also has spawned significant third parties that have affected national politics† (Texas Politics, 2013). The Reform party, founded by billionaire Ross Perot in the 1990’s, has gained support with a small number of Texas voters. The Libertarian and Green Parties have experienced growth in Texas (Texas Politics, 2013). The candidates from these parties have affected races statewide by almost 20%. In the 2012 presidential election both the Libertarian and Green Party qualified for the 2012 ballot and resulted in receiving almost 2% of the Texas vote (Texas Politics, 2013). However, in the 2012 elections, Republicans reigned in victory with the Democrats only able to gain a few seats. In the 2013 legislative session, Democrats sit in 55 seats in relation to the 95 seats held by Republicans (Texas Politics, 2013). United States Senator John Cornyn Senator John Cornyn has been in public office for 28 years. Cornyn is described as a â€Å"powerful voice for conservative values in Washington† (Biography:John Cornyn , n. d. ). Cornyn’s liberal and conservative voting scores seem to prove this statement to be true. Political Biography John Cornyn is a graduate of Trinity University and St. Mary’s School of Law, both in San Antonio, Texas. Cornyn earned a Masters of Law from the University of Virginia Law School in 1995. Cornyn began his public office career as a District Court Judge for Bexar County, Texas from 1984-1990. He served as a member of the Texas Supreme Court from 1991-1997. Cornyn was elected to the office of Texas Attorney General in 1998 and held that office until 2002 when he was elected to the Senate (Project Vote Smart, 2013). Cornyn was elected to his second term with 67. 1 percent of the votes in 2008 (Texas Political Almanac, 2013) and is currently still serving out his term. Cornyn served as a member of the Deputy Whip team after just one year in office, and is currently a member of the Republican Senate leadership and has been since 2006. Cornyn was elected in 2012 to serve as Minority Whip for the 113th Congress by Senate Republicans (Biography:John Cornyn , n. d. ). Cornyn co-sponsored and initiated the reform of the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) known as the OPEN Government Act of 2007 (National Security Archive , 2008). Cornyn has won numerous awards during his term in office and currently sits on the Senate Finance and Judiciary Committees. Cornyn is also a member of several other committees, both legislative and non-legislative (Project Vote Smart, 2013). Conservative Champion Cornyn was ranked as 2012’s second-most conservative member of the Senate with a score of 93. 8 percent by the National Journal (Terris, 2013). There is a vast contrast in Cornyn’s liberal and conservative voting scores. That’s My Congress gives him a Liberal Action Score of 0/100 and a Conservative Action Score of 40/100 (2013). The top liberal and conservative interest group ratings for Cornyn hold nearly as wide a margin. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) gave Cornyn a score of 25% for 2010-2011. Americans for Democratic Action (ADA) scored the senator at 10% for 2011. In 2012 American Conservative Union (ACU) rated Cornyn with a lifetime score of 93 % with a 2012 score of 88%. Christian Coalition of America (CC) has given Cornyn a 100% rating from 2003-2010 (Project Vote Smart, 2013). These conservative voting scores clearly indicate that Senator John Cornyn holds a conservative political ideology. U. S. House Representative Ralph Hall Congressman Ralph Hall has been in public office for 63 years, serving Texas Congressional District 4 as their U. S. House Representative for 23 years. Congressman Hall is described as a life-long conservative (Ralph Hall, 2013). Hall’s voting scores and awards are more than sufficient in backing up this claim. Hall’s constituents of TX-04 seem to be satisfied with his representation of them in Washington and Congressman Hall has seemed to make their respect for him, as their representative, a priority. Political Biography Ralph M. Hall joined the U. S. Navy in 1942, serving in World War II until 1945. Hall then attended Texas Christian University in 1943 as well as the University of Texas, Austin from 1946-1947. Hall graduated from Southern Methodist University with a Law degree in 1951 and went on to practice private law in his hometown of Rockwall, (Ralph Hall, 2013). Congressman Hall began his public office career serving as County Judge of Rockwall County, Texas until 1962. From 1958- 1959 he served as President of the State Judges and Commissioners Association. Hall was elected in 1962 as a Texas State Senator and served in that office until 1972, serving as President Pro Tempore during1968-1969 (Project Vote Smart, 2013). Congressman Hall was first elected to serve the 4th District of Texas in the U. S. House of Representatives in 1980 and has been re-elected in every election since. Ralph Hall is currently 90 years old, and is the oldest-serving Member of the U. S. House of Representatives in recorded history. In November of 2012, Hall became the oldest member in the U. S. House of Representatives to ever cast a vote (Ralph Hall, 2013). Conservative to the Core There is little room for doubt that Congressman Hall has maintained a conservative view throughout his political career. That’s My Congress gives Hall a Liberal Action Score of 0/100 and a Conservative Action Score of 71/100 (2013). Liberal and conservative interest group ratings for Hall score his voting record in accordance with a conservative view. The liberal interest groups ACLU and ADA both scored the congressman at 0% for 2011-2012. Conservative group ACU rated Hall with a score of 85 % for 2011 -2012 and CC has given Hall a 100% rating from 2007-2010 (Project Vote Smart, 2013). In February of 2013 Ralph Hall received the American Conservative Union Ratings Award. Congressman Hall has won this award 32 times. In Hall’s acceptance speech he stated My constituents believe in America’s founding principles and upholding our Constitution, and I will continue to fight for the priorities and conservative values important to those I represent† (Ralph Hall, 2013). Congressman Hall has a reputation of staying in tune with the needs of his District and their views on relevant issues. Hall is known as a man that â€Å"would rather be respected at home than liked in Washington. (Ralph Hall, 2013). Being elected to serve as the U. S. Representative for Congressional District 4 for the past 23 years seems to indicate that he has earned TX-04 respect. Texas Congressional District 4 According to Texas Political Almanac (2013), the total population in 2012 for Texas Congressional District 4 (TX-04) was 698,488, which makes up 2. 7 percent of the entire population of Texas (U. S. Census Bureau, 2013). The voting history in District 4 of Texas echoes the same loyalty to the Republican candidates as Texas has as a state. However, voting in TX-04 reflects a higher margin of votes for Presidential Republican candidates in comparison to total votes cast statewide. In the 2012 presidential election, polling results statewide were Romney(R) 57. % Obama (D) 41. 4%; however, TX-04 results were Romney 74%, Obama 24. 8% (Nir, n. d. ). Margins for the 2008 and 2004 presidential election mirror near the same percentage ratio. In 2008 TX-04 votes were McCain (R) 68. 9%, Obama 30. 1% and in 2004 the final tally was Bush (R) 70. 4 % ,Kerry (D) 29. 6 % (Texas Political Almanac, 2013). It is difficult to ignore TX-04 loyalty to its Republican candidat es. TX-04 has persistently voted a straight republican ticket since 2002. Election results from 2002 – 2010 for all elected statewide offices has been in favor of republicans. Each individual republican candidate has routinely won in District 4 with an average of 65 % of the votes (Texas Political Almanac, 2013). TX-04 and its recent voting history have consistently proven Congressional District 4 to be overwhelmingly in favor of Republican candidates. Conclusion Texas has discernibly proven to be reliably republican at the polls for over 30 years. If Senator Cornyn and Congressman Hall accurately represent Texas and their constituents then one can safely assume that Texas is fundamentally a conservative state. If these two elected officials and their ratings with interest groups correctly reflect the Republican Party then one can believe that the principles of the Republican Party are based upon conservative values. Therefore recent voting results of Texas and especially District 4’s voting analysis’ seem to imply that Texas wants to place conservatives in Washington. If this is an accurate conclusion then the liberal Democratic Party will have to sharpen their political swords if they hope to advance to the frontlines of the battleground of Texas. References 012 Election Central. (2012). Retrieved July 12, 2013, from Politico: http://www. politico. com/2012-election/map/#/President/2012/ Biography:John Cornyn, (n. d. ). Retrieved July 12, 2013, from John Cornyn United States Senator for Texas: http://www. cornyn. senate. gov/public/index. cfm? p=Biography National Security Archive . (2008, January 2). Retrieved July 19, 2013, from National Security Achive George Washington U niversity: http://www. gwu. edu/~nsarchiv/news/20071218/ Nir, D. (n. d. ). Daily KOS Elections. Retrieved from Daily KOS: http://www. dailykos. om/story/2012/11/19/1163009/-Daily-Kos-Elections-presidential-results-by-congressional-district-for-the-2012-2008-elections Parker, R. (2013, February 19). Lone Star Blues. New York Times. Retrieved July 11, 2013, from New York Times: http://http://www. nytimes. com/2013/02/20/opinion/getting-texas-to-go-democratic. html? _r=0 Political Parties. (2013). Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved July 10, 2013, from Texas State Historical Association: http://www. tshaonline. org Project Vote Smart. (2013, July 13). Retrieved July 13, 2013, from Project Vote Smart: http://www. otesmart. org Ralph Hall. (2013, February 23). Retrieved July 15, 2013, from Congressman Ralph Hall: http://ralphhall. house. gov/index. cfm? sectionid=26amp;itemid=450 Secretary of State TX. (2013). Retrieved from Texas Secretary of State: h ttp://www. sos. state. tx. us/elections/voter/elected. shtml Texas Political Almanac. (2013, February 7). Retrieved July 11, 2013, from Texas Political Almanac: http://txpoliticalalmanac. com/index. php? title=CD4 Texas Politics. (2013). Retrieved July 13, 2013, from Liberal Arts Institute Technology Services University of Texas : http://texaspolitics. aits. utexas. edu/4_1_0. html Thats My Congress. (2013, July 11). Retrieved July 19, 2013, from Thats My Congress: http://thatsmycongress. com/senate/senCornynTX113. html Terris, B. (2013, February 13). The Senates Most Conservative Member: Ever Heard of Him? Retrieved July 13, 2013, from National Journal: http://www. nationaljournal. com/2012-voting-ratings/the-senate-s-most-conservative-member-ever-heard-of-him-20130220 U. S. Census Bureau. (2013, June 27). Retrieved from U. S. Census Bureau: http://quickfacts. census. gov/qfd/states/48000. html